How To Get Camera To Change Sfm

This guide shows how to modify the ESP32-CAM OV2640 photographic camera settings such as dissimilarity, brightness, resolution, quality, saturation and more using Arduino IDE.

How to Change ESP32-CAM Camera Settings contrast brightness resolution quality saturation exposure

The instructions in this tutorial work for any ESP32 photographic camera development board as long as it comes with the OV2640 camera.

You may like reading: Best ESP32 Camera Development Board

Installing the ESP32 add-on

We'll program the ESP32 lath using Arduino IDE. So, y'all need the Arduino IDE installed as well as the ESP32 add-on:

Installing the ESP32 Board in Arduino IDE (Windows, Mac Os Ten, Linux)

OV2640 Camera Settings

In the ESP32 Camera Web Server project, the web server provided a lot of options to change the paradigm settings. Accept a look at the post-obit screenshot – at that place are sliders that yous can motion to modify the image settings.

In this tutorial we'll bear witness you how to implement those changes on your code regardless of the project you're building: taking photos or streaming video.

We recommend that you follow the Photographic camera Web Server projection offset and play with the image settings to see what each setting does:

ESP32-CAM Video Streaming and Face Recognition with Arduino IDE

Depending on where your photographic camera is located, you may want to change some settings to become a better film. Playing with that web server gives you an idea of what you need to modify and what values you lot need to set to become a improve movie. Once you know the best settings for your camera, you lot may want to employ them in your other projects.

Changing ESP32-CAM Photographic camera Settings Arduino Sketch

To change the image settings, after initializing the camera, utilise the following lines:

          sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get()  s->set_brightness(s, 0);     // -ii to 2 southward->set_contrast(s, 0);       // -2 to two s->set_saturation(s, 0);     // -2 to 2 s->set_special_effect(s, 0); // 0 to 6 (0 - No Result, i - Negative, ii - Grayscale, 3 - Cherry Tint, 4 - Greenish Tint, 5 - Bluish Tint, 6 - Sepia) s->set_whitebal(s, 1);       // 0 = disable , one = enable south->set_awb_gain(s, 1);       // 0 = disable , 1 = enable due south->set_wb_mode(s, 0);        // 0 to 4 - if awb_gain enabled (0 - Auto, 1 - Sunny, ii - Cloudy, 3 - Office, four - Dwelling) south->set_exposure_ctrl(due south, i);  // 0 = disable , 1 = enable southward->set_aec2(s, 0);           // 0 = disable , i = enable s->set_ae_level(s, 0);       // -ii to 2 s->set_aec_value(south, 300);    // 0 to 1200 south->set_gain_ctrl(s, 1);      // 0 = disable , 1 = enable south->set_agc_gain(s, 0);       // 0 to xxx s->set_gainceiling(due south, (gainceiling_t)0);  // 0 to 6 s->set_bpc(due south, 0);            // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_wpc(southward, 1);            // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_raw_gma(s, 1);        // 0 = disable , 1 = enable due south->set_lenc(south, 1);           // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_hmirror(s, 0);        // 0 = disable , i = enable southward->set_vflip(s, 0);          // 0 = disable , 1 = enable south->set_dcw(south, 1);            // 0 = disable , ane = enable due south->set_colorbar(s, 0);       // 0 = disable , 1 = enable

The post-obit table shows each role and the values accustomed:

Role	Meaning	Values
set_brightness()	Set effulgence	-two to 2
set_contrast()	Set up dissimilarity	-2 to 2
set_saturation()	Set saturation	-2 to 2
set_special_effect()	Set a special effect	0 – No Consequence 1 – Negative 2 – Grayscale 3 – Red Tint four – Dark-green Tint five – Bluish Tint half dozen – Sepia
set_whitebal()	Set white rest	0 – disable i – enable
set_awb_gain()	Set white balance gain	0 – disable one – enable
set_wb_mode()	Set white balance fashion	0 – Auto ane – Sunny 2 – Cloudy 3 – Office 4 – Dwelling
set_exposure_ctrl()	Ready exposure control	0 – disable 1 – enable
set_aec2()		0 – disable one – enable
set_ae_level()		-two to 2
set_aec_value()		0 to 1200
set_gain_ctrl()		0 – disable one – enable
set_agc_gain()		0 to xxx
set_gainceiling()		0 to half-dozen
set_bpc()		0 – disable 1 – enable
set_wpc()		0 – disable 1 – enable
set_raw_gma()		0 – disable one – enable
set_lenc()	Prepare lens correction	0 – disable 1 – enable
set_hmirror()	Horizontal mirror	0 – disable 1 – enable
set_vflip()	Vertical flip	0 – disable 1 – enable
set_dcw()		0 – disable 1 – enable
set_colorbar()	Set a colorbar	0 – disable 1 – enable

Every bit you lot can see, changing the camera settings is pretty straightforward. You just need to utilize those lines of code after initializing the photographic camera. After that, you tin can use the usual functions and code to command the camera. To amend understand how to apply them, you tin can follow the next case.

The functions in the table appear in the same order equally in the Camera Web Server instance and so that it is easier to identify which functions and values y'all should apply to go a improve image in your scenario.

Changing ESP32-CAM Camera Settings Example

To prove you how to apply the image settings in your code, we've built a elementary example. The following code takes a photo every 10 seconds and saves it in the microSD carte du jour. There'due south a section in the code that allows you to change the camera settings.

          /*********   Rui Santos   Complete projection details at https://RandomNerdTutorials.com/esp32-cam-ov2640-camera-settings/ *********/  #include "esp_camera.h" #include "FS.h"                // SD Bill of fare ESP32 #include "SD_MMC.h"            // SD Card ESP32 #include "soc/soc.h"           // Disable brownout problems #include "soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h"  // Disable brownout bug #include "driver/rtc_io.h"  // Pin definition for CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER // Alter pin definition if yous're using another ESP32 with camera module #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     32 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM    -1 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM      0 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     26 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     27 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM       35 #ascertain Y8_GPIO_NUM       34 #ascertain Y7_GPIO_NUM       39 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM       36 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM       21 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM       xix #ascertain Y3_GPIO_NUM       18 #ascertain Y2_GPIO_NUM        five #ascertain VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    25 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM     23 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     22  // Continue runway of number of pictures unsigned int pictureNumber = 0;  //Stores the camera configuration parameters camera_config_t config;  void setup() {   WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 0); //disable brownout detector     Serial.brainstorm(115200);      //Initialize the camera     Serial.print("Initializing the camera module...");   configInitCamera();   Series.println("Ok!");     //Initialize MicroSD   Series.print("Initializing the MicroSD card module... ");   initMicroSDCard(); }  void loop() {   //Path where new picture will be saved in SD Card   Cord path = "/picture" + String(pictureNumber) +".jpg";     Serial.printf("Flick file name: %south\n", path.c_str());    //Have and Save Photo   takeSavePhoto(path);   pictureNumber++;   delay(10000);  }  void configInitCamera(){   config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;   config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;   config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;   config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;   config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;   config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; //YUV422,GRAYSCALE,RGB565,JPEG    // Select lower framesize if the camera doesn't back up PSRAM   if(psramFound()){     config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA; // FRAMESIZE_ + QVGA|CIF|VGA|SVGA|XGA|SXGA|UXGA     config.jpeg_quality = 10; //10-63 lower number means higher quality     config.fb_count = 2;   } else {     config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;     config.jpeg_quality = 12;     config.fb_count = ane;   }      // Initialize the Photographic camera   esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);   if (err != ESP_OK) {     Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);     return;   }    sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();   s->set_brightness(s, 0);     // -2 to 2   south->set_contrast(s, 0);       // -ii to two   due south->set_saturation(s, 0);     // -ii to 2   s->set_special_effect(s, 0); // 0 to half dozen (0 - No Result, i - Negative, ii - Grayscale, 3 - Red Tint, 4 - Green Tint, v - Blue Tint, half dozen - Sepia)   s->set_whitebal(s, i);       // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   southward->set_awb_gain(s, 1);       // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   southward->set_wb_mode(s, 0);        // 0 to 4 - if awb_gain enabled (0 - Auto, 1 - Sunny, 2 - Cloudy, 3 - Office, 4 - Dwelling house)   s->set_exposure_ctrl(s, 1);  // 0 = disable , i = enable   due south->set_aec2(due south, 0);           // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   southward->set_ae_level(s, 0);       // -2 to ii   due south->set_aec_value(s, 300);    // 0 to 1200   due south->set_gain_ctrl(s, i);      // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   s->set_agc_gain(s, 0);       // 0 to xxx   southward->set_gainceiling(s, (gainceiling_t)0);  // 0 to half dozen   due south->set_bpc(s, 0);            // 0 = disable , ane = enable   s->set_wpc(south, ane);            // 0 = disable , i = enable   due south->set_raw_gma(s, ane);        // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   south->set_lenc(s, ane);           // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   s->set_hmirror(due south, 0);        // 0 = disable , ane = enable   s->set_vflip(due south, 0);          // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   s->set_dcw(southward, one);            // 0 = disable , 1 = enable   south->set_colorbar(due south, 0);       // 0 = disable , 1 = enable }  void initMicroSDCard(){   // Commencement Micro SD card   Serial.println("Starting SD Carte du jour");   if(!SD_MMC.begin()){     Serial.println("SD Card Mount Failed");     return;   }   uint8_t cardType = SD_MMC.cardType();   if(cardType == CARD_NONE){     Serial.println("No SD Card attached");     render;   } }  void takeSavePhoto(String path){   // Take Picture with Camera   camera_fb_t  * fb = esp_camera_fb_get();          if(!fb) {     Series.println("Camera capture failed");     return;   }    // Save moving picture to microSD card   fs::FS &fs = SD_MMC;    File file = fs.open(path.c_str(), FILE_WRITE);   if(!file){     Serial.println("Failed to open up file in writing mode");   }    else {     file.write(fb->buf, fb->len); // payload (image), payload length     Serial.printf("Saved file to path: %s\north", path.c_str());   }   file.shut();      //return the frame buffer back to the driver for reuse   esp_camera_fb_return(fb);  }

View raw lawmaking

To makes things simpler, we've created a part called configInitCamera() that contains all the commands to initialize the camera.

Assigning OV2640 GPIOs

Showtime, it starts by assigning the GPIOs.

          config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0; config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0; config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM; config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;

The camera frequency:

          config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;

OV2640 prototype format, quality, and frame size

The prototype format:

          config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; //YUV422,GRAYSCALE,RGB565,JPEG

The image format can exist one of the post-obit options:

PIXFORMAT_YUV422
PIXFORMAT_GRAYSCALE
PIXFORMAT_RGB565
PIXFORMAT_JPEG

Then, set the frame size, jpeg quality and framebuffer count. We select different settings depending if you lot're using a photographic camera with PSRAM or without PSRAM.

          // Select lower framesize if the photographic camera doesn't back up PSRAM if(psramFound()){   config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA; // FRAMESIZE_ + QVGA|CIF|VGA|SVGA|XGA|SXGA|UXGA   config.jpeg_quality = x; //10-63 lower number means higher quality   config.fb_count = 2; } else {   config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;   config.jpeg_quality = 12;   config.fb_count = one; }

The frame size can be set up to one of these options:

FRAMESIZE_UXGA (1600 10 1200)
FRAMESIZE_QVGA (320 10 240)
FRAMESIZE_CIF (352 x 288)
FRAMESIZE_VGA (640 10 480)
FRAMESIZE_SVGA (800 x 600)
FRAMESIZE_XGA (1024 10 768)
FRAMESIZE_SXGA (1280 x 1024)

The prototype quality (jpeg_quality) tin exist a number between 0 and 63. A lower number means a college quality. However, very low numbers for paradigm quality, specially at higher resolution can make the ESP32-CAM to crash or it may not be able to accept the photos properly.

And so, if you lot notice that the images taken with the ESP32-CAM are cut in one-half, or with strange colors, that's probably a sign that you need to lower the quality (select a college number).

Initialize OV2640 photographic camera

The following lines initialize the camera:

          // Initialize the Camera esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config); if (err != ESP_OK) {   Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%10", err);   return; }

After this, you lot tin can add the lines of code nosotros've shown you previously to modify the epitome settings.

OV2640 settings: brightness, contrast, saturation, white balance, exposure, and more

The values assault the following lines are the default values, you can change them to alter the epitome settings.

          sensor_t * southward = esp_camera_sensor_get(); s->set_brightness(s, 0);     // -2 to 2 s->set_contrast(southward, 0);       // -ii to 2 s->set_saturation(due south, 0);     // -2 to ii s->set_special_effect(s, 0); // 0 to 6 (0 - No Effect, one - Negative, two - Grayscale, iii - Red Tint, iv - Green Tint, 5 - Bluish Tint, 6 - Sepia) s->set_whitebal(south, ane);       // 0 = disable , ane = enable s->set_awb_gain(s, 1);       // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_wb_mode(due south, 0);        // 0 to 4 - if awb_gain enabled (0 - Auto, 1 - Sunny, 2 - Cloudy, 3 - Office, 4 - Home) s->set_exposure_ctrl(s, 1);  // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_aec2(south, 0);           // 0 = disable , 1 = enable southward->set_ae_level(south, 0);       // -2 to ii s->set_aec_value(s, 300);    // 0 to 1200 due south->set_gain_ctrl(south, ane);      // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_agc_gain(southward, 0);       // 0 to xxx s->set_gainceiling(s, (gainceiling_t)0);  // 0 to 6 s->set_bpc(southward, 0);            // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_wpc(south, 1);            // 0 = disable , 1 = enable south->set_raw_gma(s, 1);        // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_lenc(s, one);           // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_hmirror(s, 0);        // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_vflip(southward, 0);          // 0 = disable , 1 = enable s->set_dcw(s, ane);            // 0 = disable , one = enable s->set_colorbar(due south, 0);       // 0 = disable , i = enable

Demonstration

Alter the camera settings in the code to arrange the image. Then, upload the code to your ESP32-CAM.

Printing the ESP32-CAM RST button, and it will get-go taking photos. Then, grab the microSD card to see the photos.

Beneath you can see several images taken with unlike settings.

ESP32-CAM Photo with Grayscale effect enabled

In my opinion, in these conditions, the best settings for a amend moving-picture show are: contrast prepare to two and saturation set to -2.

Wrapping Upward

In this tutorial, you've learned how to change the photographic camera settings to suit the epitome y'all get with the OV2640 camera.

This can be useful considering depending on where you identify your photographic camera you lot may need to change the settings to get a better prototype.

You tin can use the functions nosotros've shown you here in any of your projects with the ESP32-CAM to conform the settings. We have several projects with the ESP32-CAM that y'all may like: